diagnosis

[dahy-uhg-noh-sis]

noun

plural

diagnoses 

1. Medicine/Medical.

   1. the process of determining by examination the nature and circumstances of a diseased condition.

   2. the decision reached from such an examination. Dx

2. Biology.,  scientific determination; a description that classifies a group or taxon precisely.

3. a determining or analysis of the cause or nature of a problem or situation.

4. an answer or solution to a problematic situation.

diagnosis

/ ˌdaɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs /

noun

1. 1. the identification of diseases by the examination of symptoms and signs and by other investigations

   2. an opinion or conclusion so reached

2. 1. thorough analysis of facts or problems in order to gain understanding and aid future planning

   2. an opinion or conclusion reached through such analysis

3. a detailed description of an organism, esp a plant, for the purpose of classification

diagnosis

plural

diagnoses 

1. The identification by a medical provider of a condition, disease, or injury made by evaluating the symptoms and signs presented by a patient.

Confusables Note

Although diagnosis and prognosis are both very familiar medical terms, they are sometimes used interchangeably (by nonmedical people), as if they were synonymous words. They are not. When a person is unwell and asks a doctor what is wrong with them, what they are asking for is a diagnosis. Examining the symptoms, as with a thermometer or stethoscope, and evaluating the results of a procedure such as a throat culture, blood test, or x-ray will help the doctor identify the patient’s illness. Whatever that ailment may be, the identification, or naming of it, is the diagnosis. The diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis was very disheartening. The diagnosis is an acute case of tendinitis. Once a patient has been given a diagnosis, the next thing they’ll want to know is what sort of an outcome they can expect, which means they want to know the prognosis. Unlike diagnoses, which are conclusively based on tangible evidence, prognoses are reasonable predictions based on past observations of similar cases. A prognosis gives the patient an idea of what to expect about the course of their illness, including the probability of recovery. As ailments range from the most superficial to the most life-threatening, it is typical for the word prognosis to be qualified by such adjectives as excellent, favorable, good, positive, negative, poor, dire, grim. Doctors will never tire of telling us, “Early detection and treatment are your best bets for a positive prognosis.” And no one wants to say, “The prognosis was so poor that he could no longer hide his condition from his family.” In nonmedical contexts, diagnosis still carries its meaning of naming or identifying something, especially when that involves a situation or problem. When our computer kept crashing, the tech said that nearby UFO activity could be the reason, so we got another tech—and a proper, earthbound diagnosis! Likewise, prognosis is used outside of medical contexts, retaining its meaning of reasonable prediction. As a lover of pesticide-free smoothies, I’m pleased to say that the prognosis for the future of organic farming has never been better.

Other Word Forms

• prediagnosis noun

Word History and Origins

Origin of diagnosis¹

First recorded in 1675–85; from New Latin, from Greek diágnōsis “a distinguishing, means or power of discernment”; dia-, -gnosis

Word History and Origins

Origin of diagnosis¹

C17: New Latin, from Greek: a distinguishing, from diagignōskein to distinguish, from gignōskein to perceive, _know

Example Sentences

Using machine learning, the researchers were able to improve the test's power so that it accurately identified 27 out of 28 cancer cases, including samples collected up to 10 years prior to diagnosis.

Read more on Science Daily

Some scientists have suggested that genetics, older parents or better screening and diagnosis systems are likely behind the rise in cases.

Read more on The Wall Street Journal

"Applied at scale in at-risk populations, these modest and sustained lifestyle changes could prevent thousands of new diagnoses every year. We hope soon to show similar evidence for other major public health challenges."

Read more on Science Daily

While the DOH said diagnosis is frequently underreported "early diagnosis and support can, however, make a difference, so once the condition has been diagnosed a team of professionals can assess the child's needs".

Read more on BBC

This innovation could also make it possible to produce “off-the-shelf” CAR-NK treatments that are available immediately after diagnosis, rather than waiting weeks for custom-engineered cells.

Read more on Science Daily

Related Words

• analysis 
• conclusion 
• examination 
• interpretation 
• investigation 

When To Use

Plural word for diagnosis

The plural form of diagnosis is diagnoses, pronounced [ dahy-uhg-noh-seez ]. The plurals of several other singular words that end in -is are also formed in this way, including hypothesis/hypotheses, crisis/crises, and axis/axes. A similar change is made when pluralizing appendix as appendices. Irregular plurals that are formed like diagnoses derive directly from their original pluralization in Latin and Greek.