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have perplexed

  • present perfect
    of perplex.
    perplex
    verb (used with object)
    to cause to be puzzled or bewildered over what is not understood or certain; confuse mentally.

Example Sentences

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If it succeeds, Axiom might just crack problems that have perplexed mere humans for centuries.

From The Wall Street Journal Dec. 4, 2025

These fundamental questions of agency -- acting with purpose -- have perplexed some of the greatest minds in history including Sir Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin, Erwin Schrödinger and Niels Bohr.

From Science Daily Sep. 18, 2023

The drifting mats of seaweed have perplexed naturalists and sailors for centuries.

From Slate Jul. 16, 2023

These trends have perplexed Antarctic scientists, who are still debating the exact causes.

From Scientific American Apr. 20, 2022

So she sat still, puzzling over questions which have perplexed older heads than hers.

From Wych Hazel by Susan Warner