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• gall
  gall

  noun

  impudence; effrontery.
• Gall
  Gall

  noun

  Pizi, 1840?–94, leader of the Hunkpapa Sioux: a major chief in the battle of Little Bighorn.
• gall.
  gall.

  abbreviation

  gallon

gall

¹ American  

[gawl] / gɔl /

noun

1. impudence; effrontery.

   Synonyms:

   cheek, brass, audacity, nerve

2. bile, especially that of an animal.

3. something bitter or severe.

4. bitterness of spirit; rancor.

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idioms

1. gall and wormwood, bitterness of spirit; deep resentment.

gall ² American  

[gawl] / gɔl /

verb (used with object)

1. to vex or irritate greatly.

   His arrogant manner galls me.

2. to make sore by rubbing; chafe severely.

   The saddle galled the horse's back.

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verb (used without object)

1. to be or become chafed.

2. Machinery. (of either of two engaging metal parts) to lose metal to the other because of heat or molecular attraction resulting from friction.

3. Metallurgy. (of a die or compact in powder metallurgy) to lose surface material through adhesion to the die.

noun

1. something very vexing or irritating.

2. a state of vexation or irritation.

3. a sore on the skin, especially of a horse, due to rubbing; excoriation.

gall ³ American  

[gawl] / gɔl /

noun

1. any abnormal vegetable growth or excrescence on a plant, caused by various agents, as insects, nematodes, fungi, bacteria, viruses, chemicals, and mechanical injuries.

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Gall ⁴ American  

[gawl] / gɔl /

noun

1. Pizi, 1840?–94, leader of the Hunkpapa Sioux: a major chief in the battle of Little Bighorn.

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gall ¹ British  

/ ɡɔːl /

noun

1. a sore on the skin caused by chafing

2. something that causes vexation or annoyance

   a gall to the spirits

3. irritation; exasperation

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verb

1. pathol to abrade (the skin, etc) as by rubbing

2. (tr) to irritate or annoy; vex

gall ² British  

/ ɡɔːl /

noun

1. informal impudence

2. bitterness; rancour

3. something bitter or disagreeable

4. physiol an obsolete term for bile 1

5. an obsolete term for gall bladder

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gall ³ British  

/ ɡɔːl /

noun

1. an abnormal outgrowth in plant tissue caused by certain parasitic insects, fungi, bacteria, or mechanical injury

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gall. ⁴ British  

abbreviation

1. gallon

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gall Scientific  

/ gôl /

1. An abnormal swelling of plant tissue, caused by injury or by parasitic organisms such as insects, mites, nematodes, and bacteria. Parasites stimulate the production of galls by secreting chemical irritants on or in the plant tissue. Galls stimulated by egg-laying parasites typically provide a protective environment in which the eggs can hatch and the pupae develop, and they usually do only minor damage to the host plant. Gall-stimulating fungi and microorganisms, such as the bacterium that causes crown gall, are generally considered to be plant diseases.

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Other Word Forms

• ungalled
  adjective

Etymology

Origin of gall¹

First recorded before 900; Middle English galle, gal “gallbladder; bitter taste; rancor; poison,” Old English gealla “bile”; cognate with German Galle; akin to Latin fel, Greek cholḗ, chólos “gall, bile”; gall ² ( def. )

Origin of gall²

First recorded before 1000; Middle English gal(l)e, gaul(e) “sore (on the skin); stain, impurity; barren spot (in a field),” Old English gealla “an abrasion or sore (on a horse)”; possibly from Latin galla “nutgall”; possibly the same as gall ¹ ( def. ), the senses developing from “bile” to “poison” to “(poisonous) sore” to “stain”; gall ³ ( def. )

Origin of gall³

First recorded in 1350–1400; Middle English galle, from Middle French, from Latin galla “gallnut”; see gall ²

Explanation

Gall describes something irritating, like someone very rude. If you barge into a bakery and cut in front of a sweet old lady, then you have gall. If someone has gall, they're irritating. In fact, as a verb, gall means "to irritate" like new tight jeans that gall your thighs. Gall is "bile," too, like what's in a gall bladder. Back in the days of Hippocrates, if the four humors of the body were out of whack, it affected your spirits. If you had too much bile, or gall, then you'd be aggressive or depressed. It's also a noun for "deep feeling of ill will."

Example Sentences

The fall in exports to both China and the United States "is causing massive overcapacity across the entire German automotive industry," said EY auto industry expert Constantin M. Gall.

From Barron's • Mar. 20, 2026

Tiberi could finish only fourth, 31 seconds back at the end of the 168km stage from Al Ain Museum, with Australian Luke Plapp taking second at 12sec and Austria's Felix Gall third at 21sec.

From Barron's • Feb. 21, 2026

Gall said future studies on this subject will focus on additional surfaces common indoors and cleaning techniques to reduce PAHs, as well as work to understand the extent of possible health impacts from exposure.

From Science Daily • Jan. 2, 2024

Carlotta Gall is a senior correspondent, covering the war in Ukraine.

From New York Times • Dec. 16, 2023

“Well,” replied the old man, putting his hat back on, “I’ll tell you, but first let me tell you what Gall did.”

From "In the Footsteps of Crazy Horse" by Joseph Marshall III

Related Words

• annoy
• bedevil
• disturb
• exasperate
• irk
• nag
• peeve
• rile
• torment
• vex