orbital

[ awr-bi-tl ]
/ ˈɔr bɪ tl /
SEE SYNONYMS FOR orbital ON THESAURUS.COM

adjective

of or relating to an orbit.

noun

Physics, Chemistry.
  1. a wave function describing the state of a single electron in an atom (atomic orbital) or in a molecule (molecular orbital).
  2. the electron in that state.

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Origin of orbital

1535–45; < New Latin, Medieval Latin orbitālis; see orbit, -al1

OTHER WORDS FROM orbital

Words nearby orbital

orbiculare, orbiculate, orbison, orbit, orbita, orbital, orbital angular momentum, orbital cavity, orbital gyrus, orbital index, orbital muscle
Dictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2020

Words related to orbital

yearly, recurrent, intermittent, annual, occasional, repeated, regular, routine, sporadic, seasonal, monthly, recurring, weekly, periodical, alternate, cyclical, daily, infrequent, perennial, rhythmic

Example sentences from the Web for orbital

British Dictionary definitions for orbital

orbital
/ (ˈɔːbɪtəl) /

adjective

of or denoting an orbit
(of a motorway or major road circuit) circling a large city

noun

a region surrounding an atomic nucleus in which the probability distribution of the electrons is given by a wave function
an orbital road

Derived forms of orbital

orbitally, adverb
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

Medical definitions for orbital

orbital
[ ôr′bĭ-tl ]

adj.

Relating to an orbit.
The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company.

Scientific definitions for orbital

orbital
[ ôr′bĭ-tl ]

A partial description of the quantum state of an electron (or other particle) orbiting the nucleus of an atom. Different orbitals have different shapes and orientations, depending on the energy of the electron, its angular momentum, and its magnetic number. Orbitals have no clear boundaries; the shape of an orbital, as depicted graphically, shows only the regions around the nucleus in which an electron has a relatively high probability of being found. No more than two electrons (each with opposite spin) can coexist in a single orbital because of the Pauli exclusion principle. See also probability wave quantum number shell.
The American Heritage® Science Dictionary Copyright © 2011. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.