subtract
Americanverb (used with object)
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subtracts,
present (3rd person singular)
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subtracted,
past participle, past
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subtracting
present participle
verb (used without object)
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subtracts,
present (3rd person singular)
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subtracted,
past participle, past
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subtracting
present participle
verb
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to calculate the difference between (two numbers or quantities) by subtraction
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to remove (a part of a thing, quantity, etc) from the whole
Usage
What does subtract mean? Subtract means to take something away, usually as in taking a piece out of a whole. In math, subtract means to perform subtraction, the operation in which you find difference between two numbers or quantities. You can subtract one thing from another, as in We need to subtract the cost of labor from our total profits. You can also subtract something without mentioning what you’re subtracting it from, as in If you subtract the busy traffic, my day wasn’t that bad. In other words, when you consider everything in my day, except for the traffic it wasn’t a bad day. For the most part, subtract usually refers to taking a small piece away from a bigger whole. However, subtracting can potentially result in negative amounts or debts when you’re subtracting numbers. When you first learned subtraction, your teacher might have said that when we subtract, we are “taking away” one number from another. For example, if you subtract 3 from 5, you take away 3 from 5, which leaves you with 2. Example: I need to remember to subtract my electric bill from my monthly budget.
Synonym Usage
Subtract, deduct express diminution in sum or quantity. To subtract suggests taking a part from a whole or a smaller from a larger: to subtract the tax from one's salary. To deduct is to take away an amount or quantity from an aggregate or total so as to lessen or lower it: to deduct a discount. Subtract is both transitive and intransitive, and has general or figurative uses; deduct is always transitive and usually concrete and practical in application.
Other Word Forms
Derived Forms
Inflected Forms
Participles
Conjugated Forms
Present
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subtractsimple
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subtractssimple
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have subtractedperfect
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has subtractedperfect
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am subtractingprogressive
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are subtractingprogressive
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is subtractingprogressive
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have been subtractingperfect progressive
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has been subtractingperfect progressive
Past
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subtractedsimple
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had subtractedperfect
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was subtractingprogressive
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were subtractingprogressive
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had been subtractingperfect progressive
Future
Etymology
Origin of subtract
First recorded in 1530–40; from Latin subtractus (past participle of subtrahere “to draw away from underneath”), equivalent to sub- sub- + trac- (past participle stem of trahere “to draw”) + -tus past participle suffix
Explanation
In math, when you subtract, you take one number away from another. If you subtract four from ten, you're left with six. You can also use subtract to mean "take away" in a more general sense, as in "If you subtract some of the salt from the recipe, the pasta will be healthier." When you're doing math, you know you're supposed to subtract if you see a minus sign. Subtracting gives you the difference between numbers, and you can see this in a real way when you subtract actual objects instead of numbers. If you have a dozen cupcakes and subtract ten of them, you have only two cupcakes left. The Latin root of subtract is subtrahere, "take away or draw off."
Vocabulary lists containing subtract
Number and Operations: Fractions
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Operations and Algebraic Thinking
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Measurement and Data
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Example Sentences
Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com.
See Examples For:
But subtract 500 acres for the data center, and you still have 379,679 acres of Nodaway County farmland left.
From The Wall Street Journal ● Aug. 14, 2026
On the whiteboard are the words: subtract, difference, count back, regroup.
From Los Angeles Times ● Jun. 30, 2026
But none of this should subtract from the bigger takeaway.
From The Wall Street Journal ● Jun. 25, 2026
If the approach involves raising corporate taxes, whatever the merits, it would subtract from earnings more directly.
From Barron's ● Apr. 3, 2026
If we subtract one proton and three neutrons from mercury, we make gold, the dream of the ancient alchemists.
From "Cosmos" by Carl Sagan
To settle the transfer, the U.S. bank subtracts the funds from Bank A's balance and adds them to Bank B's.
From The Wall Street Journal ● Jun. 26, 2026
The deficit number Newsom presented Friday subtracts the $17.3 billion in cuts agreed to earlier from the $37.9-billion deficit estimate from January.
From Los Angeles Times ● May 10, 2024
“Italy says that immigration has to be managed at a European level, and now subtracts a part of this problem from the European debate,” he said.
From New York Times ● Jan. 29, 2024
Each flight subtracts from the possibility of a bright future for children who now munch on s’mores with stars in their eyes.
From Seattle Times ● Nov. 10, 2023
Still, if one subtracts all the superstitious elements from the subject, there’s something appealing about the small residue that remains.
From "Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and Its Consequences" by John Allen Paulos
Meanwhile longtime holdings like Fannie Mae and Universal Music Group subtracted from his performance.
From The Wall Street Journal ● Aug. 13, 2026
Net exports subtracted a point from GDP, which is a statistical wash since imports flow into consumer spending and investment.
From The Wall Street Journal ● Jul. 30, 2026
Abbott secretly subtracted a hidden value from measurements involving some of the experimental masses.
From Science Daily ● May 18, 2026
For starters, some 30,000 jobs were subtracted from the February employment report because of nurses’ strikes.
From MarketWatch ● Apr. 2, 2026
When you added them all up and then subtracted, you might be left with only the children, and perhaps with Albert Einstein and an old violinist or sculptor somewhere.
From "Catch-22" by Joseph Heller
Gross profit is revenue without subtracting the cost of production expenses.
From Los Angeles Times ● Jun. 17, 2026
The net score is created by taking the total number of VAR interventions in a club's favour, and subtracting those that have gone against them.
From BBC ● May 26, 2026
The NAV represents the fair value of the underlying assets, calculated by subtracting the fund’s liabilities from its total assets and dividing the remainder by the number of outstanding shares.
From MarketWatch ● Mar. 25, 2026
Excluding AI, fixed investment declined 10% in the fourth quarter, subtracting one percentage point from overall GDP growth.
From Barron's ● Feb. 20, 2026
So what’s the point of subtracting when the answer is always the same?
From "The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian" by Sherman Alexie
Definitions and idiom definitions from Dictionary.com Unabridged, based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023
Idioms from The American Heritage® Idioms Dictionary copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
